Importance of oral health for older adults

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• Administration for Community Living

A new dental resource provides low-cost programs for American seniors. Also check out the website's free “how to” guide for communities. 

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The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Community Living (ACL), and Office on Women’s Health (OWH) have launched their first website focused on helping communities to promote the oral health of older adults. 

Users will be able to find nearly 200 community-based oral health programs through the site’s searchable database, as well as an Oral Health Guide designed to help local organizations start or enhance their own programs. 

The need for maintaining good oral health and getting regular check-ups is widely recognized, but there are often large gaps in availability and accessibility of services for older adults, particularly for older women given their longevity and economic resources. Through this new resource, ACL and OWH aim to help close those gaps and assist communities, governments, and other organizations in improving access to high quality oral health care for older adults. 

The searchable database can help communities identify an ideal program for replication or enhancement based on diverse search criteria. A community considering the start of its own mobile dental unit, for example, could search for existing programs that fit this criterion and learn more about this type of program. 

The accompanying Oral Health Guide can further assist communities in launching or enhancing their own program. Key tips, case studies, external resources, and other sources of support are included in the Oral Health Guide. For communities that already have an oral health program in place for older adults, the Oral Health Guide can assist with expansion or enhancement. 

Both the database and Oral Health Guide are now available at https://oralhealth.acl.gov. 

Why is B3 good for Alzheimer's

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National Institute on Aging
National Institute of Health

BETTER MEMORY AND BEHAVIOR, with reduced levels of Alzheimer's tau, were achieved in the lab by supplementing drinking water with nicotinamide riboside, a form of vitamin B3. Learn what these new results mean to Alzheimer's. 

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NR, a form of vitamin B3, prevented neurological damage and improved cognitive and physical function in a new mouse model of Alzheimer’s. NR is a form of vitamin B3  that goes by the supplement name, "Nicotinamide Riboside"(NR). 

These results suggest a potential new target to treat Alzheimer’s. The study, by researchers at The U.S. NIH National Institute on Aging (NIA), appears in the February 2018 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

"National Priority"

The brains of mouse models treated with the supplement nicotinamide riboside showed reduced tau and less DNA damage than non-treated mice. (Similar to pictured)

NR acts on the brain by normalizing levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a metabolite vital to 4 areas of brain health:

1. cellular energy
2. stem cell self-renewal
3. resistance to neuronal stress
4. DNA repair.

In Alzheimer’s disease, the brain’s usual DNA repair activity is impaired, leading to:

• mitochondrial dysfunction
• lower neuron production
• increased neuronal dysfunction
• inflammation.

“The pursuit of interventions to prevent or delay Alzheimer’s and related dementias is an important national priority,” said Richard J. Hodes, M.D., Director of the NIA. “We are encouraging the testing of a variety of new approaches, and this study’s positive results suggest one avenue to pursue further.”

The international team of scientists was led by Vilhelm A. Bohr, M.D., Ph.D., senior investigator and chief of the Laboratory of Molecular Gerontology of the NIA’s Intramural Research Program, with Dr. Yujun Hou, a postdoctoral investigator in the laboratory.

NR Reduces Alzheimer's Tau, Increases DNA Health

Based on their studies in human postmortem brain, they developed a new strain of mice mimicking major features of human Alzheimer’s such as tau pathology, failing synapses, neuronal death and cognitive impairment. Using this animal model, the researchers tested the effects of an NR supplement by adding it to the drinking water of the mice. Over a three-month period, researchers found that mice who received NR showed reduced tau in their brains, but no change in amyloid-beta. The NR-treated mice also had:

1. less DNA damage
2. higher neuroplasticity (activity and reorganization of brain cells associated with learning or memory)
3. increased production of new neurons from neuronal stem cells
4. lower levels of neuronal damage and death.

In the hippocampus area of the brain – in which damage and loss of volume is found in people with dementia – NR seemed to either clear existing DNA damage or prevent it from spreading further.

Better Behavior & Memory

The NR-treated mice also performed better than control mice on multiple behavioral and memory tests, such as water mazes and object recognition. NR mice also showed:

• better muscular and grip strength
• higher endurance
• improved gait.

The research team believes that these physical and cognitive benefits are due to a rejuvenating effect NR had on stem cells in both muscle and brain tissue.

"See an Effect in Alzheimer's"

“We are encouraged by these findings that see an effect in this Alzheimer’s disease model,” said Dr. Bohr. “We are looking forward to further testing of how NR or similar compounds might be pursued for their possible therapeutic benefit for people with dementia.”

Next steps for the research team include further studies on the underlying mechanisms and preparations towards intervention in humans.

MORE INFORMATION:

• The team’s work also included contributions from researchers at the Danish Aging Research Center at the University of Aarhus, and the Center for Healthy Aging at the University of Copenhagen. The Bohr lab has a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement -- which allows NIH investigators to join colleagues from industry and academia to pursue common research goals -- with ChromaDex Corp.

SOURCE:

• About the National Institute on Aging: The NIA leads the federal government effort conducting and supporting research on aging and the health and well-being of older people. It provides information on age-related cognitive change and neurodegenerative disease specifically at its Alzheimer's Disease Education and Referral (ADEAR) Center at www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers.
• About the National Institutes of Health (NIH): NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit www.nih.gov.

How are diabetes and dementia related

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter
The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

National Institute on Aging 

SUGAR raises diabetes AND dementia risk. Will research into the hormone "amylin" reveal the reason why?

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University of California's Dr. Robert Lustig built a team of statisticians and epidemiologists to look at the relationship between food and diabetes risk. The now famous paper on sugar and diabetes, published in the professional journal PLoS One, found that the more sugar on the market in 175 countries, the higher the country's diabetes rate.

Professor Lustig said, "I'm not suggesting sugar is the only cause of diabetes. But in this analysis it was the only thing that predicted it. And it was worldwide and over a decade."

The researchers found that for every can of sweetened soda available per person per day (150 calories), diabetes in the population rose 1%. The same number of calories any other type of food only caused a 0.1 percent increase in a population's diabetes rate over the past decade.

The researchers took into account obesity, exercise, along with various societal and economic variables.

Sugar & Dementia

Related:

• Sugar & Dementia(VIDEO+SLIDESHOW)
  
• Insulin & Alzheimer's(HBO)
  
• Alzheimer's Disease Is Type 3 Diabetes – Evidence Reviewed (STUDY)
  
• Is Sugar Really to Blame for Alzheimer's?
  
• Sugar and
  Alzheimer's
  
• Less Sugar, More Memory
  (VIDEO+ARTICLE)
  

In the video and article entitled, "Sugar and Dementia,"  researchers shared rich data demonstrating that the more sugar a person eats, the higher their risk for dementia.

Is all this research connected? Is there a sugar - diabetes - dementia triangle?

A study at the NIA-funded Alzheimer's Disease Center at the University of California, Davis, suggests they are connected by the hormone called "amylin".

Deposits of the hormone amylin in the brain may indicate risk for developing dementia and type 2 diabetes, according to this study published online in the Annals of Neurology. The analysis is the first to identify amylin deposits in post-mortem brain tissue from older people who had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or vascular dementia and diabetes. The findings also indicated that amylin may play a similar role in the Alzheimer's disease process as amyloid protein, a hallmark of the disorder.

Amylin (also known as islet amyloid polypeptide) is a hormone expressed and secreted with insulin. It influences blood sugar levels; when too much is secreted, risk for developing diabetes increases. These new findings show that amylin deposits can also build up and form plaques in the brain, similar to amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer's disease.

The researchers examined post-mortem brain tissue from three groups of volunteers older than 70 years: those who had diabetes and dementia (vascular dementia or Alzheimer's), those who had Alzheimer's but no diabetes, and those free of these disorders. Investigators found significant amylin deposits in the brain tissue of people with both dementia and diabetes. Surprisingly, they also found amylin in people with Alzheimer's but without diabetes—perhaps because these individuals had undiagnosed insulin resistance. The healthy controls had few amylin deposits.

The study, led by Dr. Florin Despa, may explain why people with diabetes are at risk for dementia. Like amyloid, amylin circulates in the blood and, during the disease process, is overproduced and not cleared normally, building up in the brain. Over time, both proteins lead to the loss of brain cells and brain damage. Amylin buildup in the brain's blood vessels may also play a role in amyloid buildup and contribute to risk for Alzheimer's, the study found.

All this research also furthers the growing body of science pointing to Alzheimer's as a form of "type-3 diabetes".

Reference: Jackson K, et al. Amylin deposition in the brain: A second amyloid in Alzheimer's disease? Annals of Neurology. Published online June 22, 2013; DOI: 10.1002/ana.23956. - See more at: http://www.nia.nih.gov/announcements/2013/07/amylin-deposits-brain-may-link-dementia-and-diabetes#sthash.csCcUV9V.dpuf

Horticulture terapy

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter
The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

• CTV

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