Showing posts with label alzheimer's Association. Show all posts
Showing posts with label alzheimer's Association. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 13, 2019

Those with dementia-Best ways to talk with them

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two


Alzheimer's Association.

In Alzheimer's, talking to a loved one can be very frustrating. Here are 3 tips that can help.




For someone with Alzheimer’s disease, another dementia or memory loss, simply communicating with loved ones can be a challenge. For family members of people with Alzheimer’s and related dementia, these speech and communication issues can be very frustrating. 

The best way to deal with these issues is to try to put ourselves in their shoes to see what we can do to improve communication with someone who has Alzheimer’s or a related dementia.

  1. Make sure you have their attention
  1. You can reduce the frustration and confusion by simply ensuring that you have their attention before communicating with them. Making eye contact with a person with Alzheimer’s disease or another dementia is a critical first step to begin communication with them.

    Don’t assume that just because you’re in front of someone with Alzheimer’s disease or a related dementia that they are paying attention to you. Alzheimer’s robs people of their peripheral vision, so if you are even standing just a little bit off to someone’s side, they might not see you.
  2. Another challenge for people living with Alzheimer’s disease is difficulty concentrating, so to be sure that the person you are trying to communicate with is paying attention to you. An easy way to address them by name and wait for them to respond before continuing your communication.

    Use simple sentences and slow down.
  1. Once you’ve established a connection and have a person with Alzheimer’s disease or another dementia’s attention, the worst thing you can do is try to communicate too much, too quickly.

    For example: Instead of asking – “We’d like to take you out to dinner. Would you like to go for steak, seafood, pizza or a buffet?” – it would be much better to break those questions into separate parts. In that scenario, you just threw too much at a person with Alzheimer’s or dementia. There is the question of whether they want to go out to dinner; then you have offered three choices. This makes communication very difficult for someone with Alzheimer’s disease.

    Since they are two separate decisions, first see if they are up for going out to dinner, and then determine where they go.

    While it may seem loving, caring and considerate to offer flexibility and choices, a person with Alzheimer’s disease, another dementia or memory loss can easily feel overwhelmed by too many options. It’s usually better to just offer two choices or your communication will be hindered. If you don’t understand the speech and communication challenges facing a person with Alzheimer’s disease, other dementias or memory loss, it is easy to become frustrated as well.
  2. Finally, don’t put anyone on the spot.

    All too often, well-meaning relatives and friends unwittingly create anxiety for their loved ones with Alzheimer’s by asking things like “you remember John, don’t you?” or “what did you have for breakfast?”

    To someone with dementia, this can feel like a pop quiz that they do not know the answers to. What if they don’t remember John or what they had for breakfast? You could be setting them up to feel embarrassed or ashamed.

    Alzheimer’s disease and other forms of dementia do not make people forget how to feel these emotions, so while these are well-meaning questions, it would be much better to simply phrase them a little differently. Saying “Hey mom, John from our old neighborhood is here to see you,” or “How was breakfast today?” is much less likely to create anxiety or confusion, which significantly increases the likelihood of a positive experience for the person with dementia.

Again, a person with Alzheimer’s disease, another dementia or memory loss will be frustrated if they are forced to keep dealing with all that they cannot remember and the difficulty they have with speech. The frustrations with speech and communication, unfortunately, are a common struggle for people with Alzheimer’s and other dementias, and can be exacerbated by loved ones who don’t appreciate the speech and communication challenges that someone with dementia faces.

There is a lot to know about Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, specifically about speech and communication.

  • You can get more information about communicating with people living with dementia by calling the Alzheimer's Association. They have a nationwide, 24/7 Helpline at 800.272.3900 for help with speech and communication issues, whether the diagnosis is Alzheimer’s or another dementia.They are available day and night with information, emotional support, caregiving tools and referrals to healthcare, financial and legal resources with translation services available in more than 200 languages.

Tuesday, December 25, 2018

Reduce dementia caregiver stress and increase happiness during the holidays

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two



  • Judy Wunsch, Alzheimer's Association, California Southland Chapter.


Caring for a loved one with dementia during the holidays can be challenging, but with a little preparation, everyone can help bring out the full joy of the holidays. 

PROBLEMS

  • Friends and family might feel uncomfortable visiting, not knowing what to expect, what to say, or what to do in response to changes in a loved one's behavior and personality.
  • You might not receive invitations to traditional social gatherings, leaving you feeling isolated and alone.
  • You might feel "trapped" by having to remain at home instead of visiting friends, doing holiday shopping, or engaging in the season's social activities.
Situations like these can lead to feelings of resentment toward the person with Alzheimer's and feelings of guilt if you are fortunate enough to enjoy any holiday activities at all.

When you care for a person with a dementia such as Alzheimer's, the stress can be overwhelming. In addition to trying to keep a calm, simple routine, you might also feel compelled to maintain traditions for the rest of the family with all the hustle and bustle so common to the season. Furthermore, many pleasant memories of past holidays are now being replaced with anxiety, frustration and sadness.

OLUTIONS

It doesn't have to be this way. By using "an ounce of prevention," caregivers can alleviate some of the misery and frustration. The following tips can help make the holidays joyful once again. 

1. Set Expectations

Familiarize family and friends with the behavior and condition of your loved one. Let them know the situation and protocol for visiting by writing a letter. For example: 
"To my family and friends:
I'm writing to let you know how things are going at our house. While we're looking forward to your visit, we thought it might be helpful if you understood our current situation before you arrive.
You may notice that "Name" has changed since you last saw him/her. Among the changes you may notice are "XYZ". I've enclosed a picture so you know how "Name" looks now.
Because "Name" sometimes has problems remembering and thinking clearly, his/her behavior is a little unpredictable.
Please understand that "Name" may not remember who you are and may confuse you with someone else. Please don't feel offended by this. He/she appreciates your being with us and so do I. Please treat him/her as you would any person. A warm smile and a gentle touch on "Name's" shoulder or hand will be appreciated more than you know.
I would ask that you call before you come to visit or when you're nearby so we can prepare for your arrival. Caregiving is a tough job, and I'm doing the very best I can. With your help and support, we can create a holiday memory that we'll treasure."

2. Adapt Gift-Giving

Share a list of useful and needed gifts with family and friends. They will want to bring gifts for you both and will appreciate the help you offer. You might want to suggest items that will make bathing, dressing and living easier. 
Bathing:
  •  A waterproof radio
  •  A shower/bath chair
  • A hand-held showerhead
  • A pretty night light
  • A long-handled shower brush
  • Non-stinging shampoo
  • Soap-on-a-rope
Dressing:
  • Easy-to-remove clothing in comfortable, machine washable fabrics
  • A jogging suit that pulls on or has Velcro fastenings
  • A brightly colored cardigan sweater
  • Slip-on shoes/slippers with Velcro closing
  • Slipper socks with non-skid soles
  • Leg warmers
Living:
  • Avoid gifts such as dangerous tools or instruments, utensils, challenging board games, novels, complicated electronic equipment or pets. Here are a few recommendations:
  • A NERF (sponge) ball
  • A Medic-Alert® + Safe Return® identification bracelet/necklace
  • A portable player with a tape or CD of favorite music or messages from family and friends
  • A photograph album filled with people and places that are a part of your loved one's past, with a simple caption describing each photo
  • A neighborhood picture book
  • Photos of the house in which you live, and of the street on which you live, and perhaps familiar local landmarks, stores and neighbors
  • Videos of family get-togethers
Memory Stimulation:
  • Recordings of old radio/TV programs and CDs of familiar music
  • Original audio or video tapes
    • Ask a friend or family member who owns a camcorder to make a video. Speak directly to your loved one and use close-ups of your face and other friends and family. Repeat your name and identify your relationship, speak reassuringly and slowly; this is a gift which will be used for a long time, and can never be used up. Videos can be viewed when you need to be away for a time to keep your loved one calm.
    • Record an audio tape for your loved one. For example: "Hello (name of loved one). This is your (wife, husband, daughter, etc.) You live at (address)."
    • Continue by telling about your life and times that you have shared. Be sure to repeat names frequently, and to convey the message that you are speaking to a person about whom you care deeply.
  • A felt board with names of family members and/or familiar objects cut out and backed with Velcro. A photo should accompany each name in order to play "Match 'Em."

TIP: Don't be afraid to ask for the help and support you need.

3. Prepare

  • Prepare your loved one in advance for the upcoming events.
  • Place seasonal books, magazines and decorations about the house
  • Talk about the people who may be coming to visit
  • Play familiar seasonal music
  • Serve favorite seasonal food
  • Do some simple preparation ahead of time — watching you will familiarize your loved one with the festivities to come

4. Plan for "Down Time"

  • Plan for some quiet-time activities.
  • Have a favorite tape or DVD on hand
  • Be prepared with some simple repetitive activity to maintain calmness: cracking nuts, folding napkins, or shelling peas
  • Leave time to allow yourself and your loved one to take a walk
  • Keep some old photo albums handy — it is usually calming to go through them together
TIP: Make sure the family understands your needs and wishes.Give yourself permission to do only what you can reasonably manage.

5. Streamline Your Traditions

  • Hold a family meeting or conference call to discuss the upcoming event
  • Make sure that everyone understands your caregiving situation and has realistic expectations about what you can and cannot do
  • Run through celebrations and rituals of years gone by and determine which of these to continue and what new traditions may be initiated
  • Set limits as to what you are able to do — and what is not possible for you
  • Consider holding a simpler gathering with fewer people present
  • Discuss having a potluck dinner or asking others to host the holiday at their home
  • Look for ways to simplify shopping and gift-giving
TIP: Sharing a list of practical gift ideas will make the holidays happier for everyone involved.

6. Involve the Person with Dementia

  • Choose tasks that are appropriate for your loved one to help with. Allow sufficient time to get them done. For example:
  • Baking cookies or mixing dough
  • Preparing and putting up seasonal decorations (stay away from artificial fruits and vegetables and blinking lights, which may lead to confusion)
  • Simple cleaning tasks like polishing silver, vacuuming or dusting
  • Wrapping packages
  • Preparing a salad
  • Setting the table

7. Timing Is Everything

  • Celebrate early in the day to reduce the likelihood of "Sundowner Syndrome" (evening confusion)
  • Have a holiday lunch rather than a dinner
  • Don't serve alcohol, use sparkling apple juice
  • Keep the lights on to keep the room bright
TIP: Don't have the television playing when guests are there.

8. Give Yourself a Gift

  • Take some time off
  • Cultivate your sense of humor — it will help to keep you healthy
  • Ask a friend or relative if they can provide specific help. For example, "Can you please take "Name" to his doctor's appointment on Tuesday?" or "Can you come over to watch "Name" for three hours next Saturday while I go shopping?"
  • Arrange for home care so you can enjoy lunch or a movie with a friend


Source:
  • This article is based on material originally prepared by Judy Wunsch, Alzheimer's Association, California Southland Chapter.

Monday, October 15, 2018

Why use photographs in dementia care

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two



  • Alzheimer's Australia
  • Shutterfly
  • Alzheimer's Association



Photos and photo albums make for a fantastic activity. They easily reduce social isolation and depression, providing comfort to people with dementia. Check out these helpful tips and lists. 



According to Alzheimer's Australia, reminiscence is a way of reviewing past events that is usually a very positive and rewarding activity. Even if the person with dementia cannot participate verbally it can still give them pleasure to be involved in reflections on their past. It can also be a means of distraction if the person becomes upset. While reviewing past events can provide a sense of peace and happiness, it can also stir up painful and sad memories. It is important to be sensitive to the person’s reactions if this happens. If their distress seems overwhelming then it is better to use another form of distraction to reduce anxiety.

10 Photo Tips for Families Facing Alzheimer’s

Compiled by the Alzheimer’s Association® in partnership with Shutterfly, here are 10 ways you can help lift a person with dementia to reminisce:
  1. Place photos in chronological order. Photo books can be great tools for showing someone’s life history or story. Start your photo book at the beginning of the person’s life and lead up to the present day. Organize the book around key moments and concentrate on happy occasions to assist with engagement. Also, keep the design simple, with one or two pictures per page, so the photos are easy to focus on.
  2. Show relationships. To help spark recognition of family members, dedicate a section to each person. Choose photos that include the person with the family member from different life stages and place them in chronological order.
  3. Select meaningful moments. Be sure to include photos that reflect the person’s meaningful life moments and depict his/her favorite hobbies or activities, such as weddings, graduations and vacations.
  4. Make it an activity. Work with the individual as appropriate to create the book, and share memories and conversation as you put it together.
  5. Engage in conversation. Ask open-ended questions about the people or events in the photo. How were you feeling in that picture? Tell me about your brother. What are some of your favorite childhood stories? Tell me more about this picture. The answers are less important than the conversation and engagement.
  6. Share your own memories. As part of the conversation, share your memories and feelings when looking at the pictures. Answer some of the same questions you’re asking the person with Alzheimer’s.
  7. Connect, don’t correct. This is more about making a connection and sharing memories. Focus on connecting with the person, not correcting them.
  8. Revisit frequently. Take the time to frequently revisit memories using the photos. Do what works best for the individual. It may be daily or weekly, depending on the person.
  9. Mix it up. Don’t discuss the same set of photos week after week. To help keep it fresh and interesting, discuss various parts of the book with different people and events on a regular basis.
  10. Move at a comfortable pace. Follow cues from the individual to gage their interest level and determine h

This Is Your Life book

Making a chronological history of the person with dementia can help with reminiscence and provides information for people who may interact with them. A This Is Your Life book is a visual diary. Similar to a family photo album, it can also include letters, postcards, certificates and other memorabilia.

A large photo album with plastic protective sheets over each page will last indefinitely and can withstand a lot of use. Each photo needs to be labelled to avoid putting the person with dementia on the spot with questions such as “Who is that?” It is best to limit the information on each page to one topic, and to have a maximum of two or three items on each page.

The following list may help in getting a book started:
  • Full name and preferred name
  • Place and date of birth
  • Photographs and name of mother, father, brothers and sisters
  • Photographs of partner and wedding day
  • Photographs, names and birthdays of children and grandchildren
  • Photographs of family friends, relatives and pets
  • Places lived in
  • Schooldays
  • Occupation and war service
  • Hobbies and interests
  • Favourite music
  • Holiday snapshots and postcards
  • Letter, certificate, diagram of family tree and short stories about specific incidents.
This book can provide a great deal of pleasure and pride for a person who may be feeling increasingly bewildered in the present.


SOURCES:
  • Alzheimer's Australia
  • Shutterfly, Inc. is the leading manufacturer and digital retailer of high-quality personalized products and services offered through a family of lifestyle brands. Founded in 1999, the Shutterfly, Inc. family of brands includes Shutterfly, where your photos come to life in photo books, cards and gifts; Tiny Prints premium cards and stationery for all life's occasions; Wedding Paper Divas, wedding invitations and stationery for every step of the planning process; MyPublisher, one of the pioneers in the photo book industry and creator of easy-to-use photo book-making software; ThisLife, a private, cloud-based solution that makes it easy for consumers to find, share and enjoy their photos and videos, all in one place; and BorrowLenses, the premier online marketplace for photographic and video equipment rentals. For more information about Shutterfly, Inc. (NASDAQ:SFLY), visit www.shutterflyinc.com.
  • The Alzheimer’s Association is the leading voluntary health organization in Alzheimer's care, support and research. Our mission is to eliminate Alzheimer’s disease through the advancement of research, to provide and enhance care and support for all affected, and to reduce the risk of dementia through the promotion of brain health. Our vision is a world without Alzheimer’s. For more information, visit alz.org.

Saturday, August 11, 2018

Should doctors tell patient an Alzheimer's diagnosis:Pros and Cons

Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two

Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]



  • Alzheimer's Association


  • NBC News Washington

  • Every 67 seconds, an American develops Alzheimer's. Half the time, doctors don't tell. Why would doctors do that? In a key study, the Alzheimer's Association offers a few reasons. 




    The Alzheimer's Association's Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures report found that only 45 percent of people with Alzheimer's disease or their caregivers say they were told the diagnosis by their doctor. In contrast, more than 90 percent of people with the four most common cancers (breast, colorectal, lung and prostate cancer) say they were told the diagnosis. 


    "These disturbingly low disclosure rates in Alzheimer's disease are reminiscent of rates seen for cancer in the 1950s and 60s, when even mention of the word cancer was taboo," said Beth Kallmyer, MSW, Vice President of Constituent Services for the Alzheimer's Association. "It is of utmost importance to respect people's autonomy, empower them to make their own decisions and acknowledge that people with Alzheimer's have every right to expect truthful discussions with their physicians. When a diagnosis is disclosed, they can better understand the changes they are experiencing, maximize their quality of life, and often play an active role in planning for the future."

    Why Not Tell?

    Why would doctors not tell their patients about their Alzheimer's diagnosis? Three typical reasons include:
    1. There is still no straghtforward test to diagnose Alzheimer's, though there are tests that can rule it out.
    2. Doctors sometimes fear their patient's negative reaction to that kind of news.
    3. Doctors are concerned they may not be believed. While an Alzheimer's diagosis can change a patient's life, it is based on the doctor's clinical assessment, that is to say, their professional judgement.

    Better Late?

    The Alzheimer's Facts and Figures report also found that people with Alzheimer's or their caregivers were more likely to say they were told the diagnosis by their doctor after the disease had become more advanced. According to Kallmyer, this is a problem because learning the diagnosis later in the course of the progressive brain disease may mean the person's capacity to participate in decision making about care plans, or legal and financial issues, may be diminished, and their ability to participate in research or fulfill lifelong plans may be limited. 

    One of the reasons most commonly cited by health care providers for not disclosing an Alzheimer's diagnosis is fear of causing the patient emotional distress. However, according to the new report, "studies that have explored this issue have found that few patients become depressed or have other long-term emotional problems because of the [Alzheimer's] diagnosis."

    The Difficult Truth

    According to the Alzheimer's Association, telling the person with Alzheimer's the truth about his or her diagnosis should be standard practice. Disclosure can be delivered in a sensitive and supportive manner that avoids unnecessary distress.

    "Based on the principles of medical ethics, there is widespread agreement among health care professionals that people have the right to know and understand their diagnosis, including Alzheimer's disease," said William Klunk, M.D., Ph.D., Chair of the Alzheimer's Association Medical and Scientific Advisory Council. "The findings from this report shine a light on the need for more education for medical students and practicing health care providers on how to effectively make and deliver an Alzheimer's diagnosis."

    Dr. Klunk is a Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine in Pittsburgh, PA, where he also is Co-Director of the Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.

    Benefits of Disclosing an Alzheimer's Diagnosis

    The benefits of promptly and clearly explaining a diagnosis of Alzheimer's have been established in several studies. Benefits include:
    1. Better access to quality medical care and support services
    2. The opportunity for people with Alzheimer's to participate in decisions about their care, including providing informed consent for current and future treatment plans.
    3. Knowing the diagnosis early enables the person with Alzheimer's to get the maximum benefit from available treatments.
    4. An early diagnosis also helps increase chances of participating in clinical drug trials that help advance research and may actually offer treatments that work.


    SOURCE:

    • The Alzheimer's Association
    • NBC News Washington

    Monday, January 22, 2018

    Stay mentally sharp with brain games

    Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

    Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

    Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

    Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

    Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two

    Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

    The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

    BRAIN EXERCISE can cut the risk of Alzheimer's, according to research. See how. Find out about three ways to lower your risk of getting dementia. 




    A series of scientific studies demonstrate three good ways to exercise your brain in a way that appears to fight off Alzheimer's. The three ways are:

    1. Brain games
    2. Complex work
    3. Education
    The studies add to the current body of evidence that modifiable risk factors can help build resilience to age-related cognitive decline. 

    A scientifically tailored cognitive training program, typically referred to as "Brain Games," led to a reduction in risk of developing cognitive decline or dementia over the 10-year course of a research study.\


    According to these reports, formal education and complex work may also increase resilience to cognitive decline and dementia, even in people at high risk for the disease because of unhealthful diet or blood vessel problems in the brain. Additionally, resilience factors may vary between men and women at high genetic risk of Alzheimer’s. In one study, researchers from the Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute presented new data that suggests that people whose work requires complex thinking and/or activities are better able to withstand the onset of Alzheimer’s. Results (reported at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) in Toronto) suggest that working with people, rather than data or physical things, contributed the most to the protective effect. 

    “These new data add to a growing body of research that suggests more stimulating lifestyles, including more complex work environments with other people, are associated with better cognitive outcomes in later life,” said Maria C. Carrillo, PhD, Alzheimer’s Association chief science officer.

    “As each new study emerges, we further understand just how powerful cognitive reserve can be in protecting the brain from disease. As we’ve heard at AAIC this year, formal education and complex occupation could potentially do more than just slow cognitive decline –they may actually help compensate for the cognitive damage done by bad diet and small vessel disease in the brain. In metaphorical terms, we can see how cognitive reserve is taking on super power status,” Carrillo said. “It is becoming increasingly clear that in addition to searching for pharmacological treatments, we need to address lifestyle factors to better treat and ultimately prevent Alzheimer’s and other dementias.”

    Note: “Cognitive reserve” describes the ability of the brain to withstand damage and maintain function. Resilience is generally evaluated behaviorally, while damage is evaluated through microscopic examination of cells and tissue. Childhood cognition, educational attainment, and adult occupation all contribute to cognitive reserve.

    Brain Games May Help Compensate for Poor Diets

    The role of nutrition as a determinant of successful aging is a growing area of scientific exploration. Although the quality of one’s diet and indicators of cognitive reserve have been associated with cognitive function in previous studies, there is little understanding of how the combination of these factors may influence cognitive function. In light of that, this study sought to understand whether indicators of cognitive reserve protected cognitive function against the impact of poor diet. 

    Matthew Parrott, PhD, of Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, and colleagues measured adherence to a traditional “Western” dietary pattern (characterized by consumption of red and processed meats, white bread, potatoes, pre-packaged foods and sweets) in 351 independently living older adults. Alongside each participant’s educational attainment, occupational complexity and social engagement, responses to a questionnaire on food consumption were analyzed and considered. 

    Over a three-year period, the researchers found that a “Western” diet is associated with more cognitive decline in older adults. However, individuals in the study eating a “Western” diet who also had a mentally stimulatinglifestyle were protected from cognitive decline. 

    “Our results show the role higher educational attainment, mentally stimulating work and social engagement can play in protecting your brain from cognitive decline, counteracting some negative effects of an unhealthy diet,” said Parrott. “This adds to the growing body of evidence showing how various lifestyle factors may combine to increase or protect against vulnerability to Alzheimer’s disease. 

    Saturday, January 20, 2018

    Aphasia in Alzheimer's

    Caregivers, and healthcare professionals,here is some great information

    Here is a great dementia resource for caregivers and healthcare professionals,

    Your residents will love the Amazon Kindle Fire

    Here is information on being the best caregiver you can be

    Here is a way for nurses administrators, social workers and other health care  professionals to get an easyceu or two

    Follow alzheimersideas on twitter

    The Dementia Caregiver's Little Book of Hope [Kindle Edition]

    SOURCES:
    1. American Heart Association
    2. National Institutes of Health
    3. Alzheimer's Association

    Aphasia affects a person's ability to communicate. It affects language functions, such as speaking, understanding what others say, and naming common objects. Learn its causes, types and a few tips.



    What is Aphasia

    Aphasia (ah-FA-ze-ah) is a language disorder that affects the ability to communicate. "Aphasia" is a general term used to refer to deficits in language functions, such as speaking, understanding what others are saying, and naming common objects. It is caused by damage to the portions of the brain that are responsible for language. Aphasia is not a disease, but a symptom of brain damage. The type and severity of language dysfunction in Alzheimer's is somewhat random, as it depends on the precise location and extent of the damaged brain tissue.

    Alzheimer's & Aphasia

    Alzheimer's symptoms fall into two categories:
    1. Cognitive (Intellectual) Symptoms
    2. Psychiatric Symptoms
    The cognitive symptoms include "The 4 Cognitive 'A's of Alzheimer's". These are:
    1. Aphasia
    2. Apraxia
    3. Agnosia
    4. Amnesia

    4 Types of Aphasia

    Generally, aphasia can be divided into four broad categories:
    1. Expressive aphasia involves difficulty in conveying thoughts through speech or writing. The patient knows what he wants to say, but cannot find the words he needs.Expressive aphasia may be non-fluent, in which case a person has trouble:
      • Finding the right words
      • Saying more than one word or phrase at a time
      • Speaking overall
      Another kind of expressive aphasia is fluent aphasia. People who have fluent aphasia may be able to put many words together. But what they say may not make sense. They are often unaware that they are not making sense.
    2. Receptive aphasia involves difficulty understanding spoken or written language. The patient hears the voice or sees the print but cannot make sense of the words.
    3. Anomic or amnesia aphasia is the least severe form of aphasia. In this type of aphasia, people have difficulty in using the correct names for particular objects, people, places, or events.
    4. Global aphasia results from severe and extensive damage to the language areas of the brain. Patients lose almost all language function, both comprehension and expression. They cannot speak or understand speech, nor can they read or write.

    Therapy

    Language therapy can help and should be tailored to the individual needs of the patient. Rehabilitation with a speech pathologist involves extensive exercises in which patients read, write, follow directions, and repeat what they hear. Computer-aided therapy may supplement standard language therapy.

    Care Tips

    There are simple ways to keep distractions and noise down, such as:
    1. Turn off background music, news or TV.
    2. Move to a quieter room.
    Always assume that the person with aphasia is listening and understanding. Talk in adult language, never make them feel like children. Do not pretend to understand them if you do not.
    If they cannot understand you, do not shout. Unless the person also has a hearing problem, shouting will not help. Make eye contact when talking to the person.
    When asking questions:
    1. Ask yes/no questions.
    2. Give clear choices for possible answers. Do not offer too many choices.
    3. Visual cues help.
    When giving instructions:
    • Break them down into small, simple steps.
    • Allow time for the person to understand. Sometimes this can be a lot longer than you expect.
    • If frustrated, consider switching activities.
    Encourage a person with aphasia to communicate in other ways, such as:
    1. Pictures
    2. Pointing
    3. Hand gestures
    It may help everyone to have a book of pictures or words about common topics or people. This can make communication a lot easier.
    Generally, it is a good idea to keep them involved in conversations. Check to make sure they understand, without pushing too hard or causing more frustration.
    Do not correct when they remember a thing incorrectly.
    When leaving anyone with speech problems by themselves, make sure they have ID with:
    • Contact info of family members or caregivers
    • An exlanation of their speech problem and basics on communicating.

    Questions for your Doctor or Nurse

    Take a few minutes to write your own questions for the next time you see your healthcare provider:
    1. How long will I need therapy?
    2. Will my aphasia go away?
    3. How can I find a stroke or aphasia support group?

    Care Tips

    How can family, friends and caregivers help?

    A person with aphasia and family members will need the help and support of a doctor, counselor and speech pathologist. It's a good idea for family and friends to:
    1. Be open about the problem so people can understand.
    2. Set up a daily routine for the person with aphasia that includes rest and time to practice skills.
    3. Use sentences that are short and to the point.
    4. Stand where the person with aphasia can see you.
    5. Treat the patient as an adult, keeping him or her involved in all possible routines. No one likes to be ignored. Include the patient in your conversation.
    6. Help the person with aphasia cope with feelings of frustration and depression.
    7. Be patient with the person with aphasia. Give them the time they need to try to speak and get their point across to you. This respects their dignity.
    8. Talk to your doctor, nurse or other healthcare professionals.



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